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07-09-2017, 03:38 PM
Top Things to Know
Learning can occur through associations. The classical conditioning process works by developing an association between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus. In physiologist Ivan Pavlov's classic experiments, dogs associated the presentation of food (something that naturally and automatically triggers a salivation response) with the sound of a bell, at first, and then the sight of a lab assistant's white coat. Eventually, the lab coat alone elicited a salivation response from the dogs.
Different factors can influence the classical conditioning process. During the first part of the classical conditioning process, known as acquisition (https://www.verywell.com/what-is-acquisition-2795219), a response is established and strengthened. Factors such as the prominence of the stimuli and the timing of presentation can play an important role in how quickly an association is formed.
When an association disappears, this is known as extinction (https://www.verywell.com/what-is-extinction-2795176), causing the behavior to weaken gradually or vanish. Factors such as the strength of the original response can play a role in how quickly extinction occurs. The longer a response has been conditioned, for example, the longer it may take for it to become extinct.
Learning can also occur through rewards and punishments. Behaviorist B.F. Skinner described operant conditioning (https://www.verywell.com/operant-conditioning-a2-2794863) as the process in which learning can occur through reinforcement and punishment. More specifically, by forming an association between a certain behavior and the consequences of that behavior, you learn. For example, if a parent rewards their child with praise every time they pick up their toys, the desired behavior is consistenly reinforced. As a result, the child will become more likely to clean up messes.
Learning can occur through associations. The classical conditioning process works by developing an association between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus. In physiologist Ivan Pavlov's classic experiments, dogs associated the presentation of food (something that naturally and automatically triggers a salivation response) with the sound of a bell, at first, and then the sight of a lab assistant's white coat. Eventually, the lab coat alone elicited a salivation response from the dogs.
Different factors can influence the classical conditioning process. During the first part of the classical conditioning process, known as acquisition (https://www.verywell.com/what-is-acquisition-2795219), a response is established and strengthened. Factors such as the prominence of the stimuli and the timing of presentation can play an important role in how quickly an association is formed.
When an association disappears, this is known as extinction (https://www.verywell.com/what-is-extinction-2795176), causing the behavior to weaken gradually or vanish. Factors such as the strength of the original response can play a role in how quickly extinction occurs. The longer a response has been conditioned, for example, the longer it may take for it to become extinct.
Learning can also occur through rewards and punishments. Behaviorist B.F. Skinner described operant conditioning (https://www.verywell.com/operant-conditioning-a2-2794863) as the process in which learning can occur through reinforcement and punishment. More specifically, by forming an association between a certain behavior and the consequences of that behavior, you learn. For example, if a parent rewards their child with praise every time they pick up their toys, the desired behavior is consistenly reinforced. As a result, the child will become more likely to clean up messes.